Journal of Research in Educational Systems

Abstract Objective: The aim of the present study was to present and validate a model for promoting participation of elementary school students.
Method:The research method was qualitative-quantitative, using qualitative content analysis in the qualitative part and survey method in the quantitative part. The participants in the qualitative part of this study were 16 experts in the field of education who were selected using theoretical saturation criteria and criterion-based purposive sampling. The data were collected using semi-structured interviews and analyzed using content analysis. In the quantitative part, according to the Krejci Morgan table , the sample size was determined as 384 people who were selected by the available sampling method.
Results:The findings obtained in the qualitative part included 106 conceptual codes that were categorized into 5 main concepts and 14 sub-concepts. The model was developed with five main components: reforming the education system (4 sub-concepts: reforming educational policy and improving teacher recruitment and retention, empowering human resources, and effective monitoring and evaluation), school-related reforms (4 sub-concepts: utilizing the capacity of the parent-teacher association and redefining the role and duties of schools, improving the learning process, and reforming the classroom), strengthening the family system (2 sub-concepts: reforming parenting practices, educating the family), individual empowerment (2 sub-concepts: strengthening skills and resolving psychological and behavioral problems), and social development (2 sub-concepts: increasing collective awareness and improving social welfare).
Conclusions: This model and its components can be used to promote participation in elementary school students.

Abstract The purpose of this study was to study the privatization methods in education in selected countries in order to provide an appropriate conceptual framework for privatization in Iran education. The research method was quantitative (quantitative). The method of research in the qualitative section, qualitative content analysis of the type of inductive and purposeful categories was an applied research that was carried out in three phases. The first phase reviewed the articles and sources. In the second phase, the distribution of the questionnaire was performed and in the third phase of the analysis And data analysis. The field of research was in the qualitative section of the articles and documents of privatization in the education of the countries of the world. The sampling method in the qualitative section of this research was targeted formally from among the 60 countries that, according to international reports, had the best educational system and carried out privatization in the educational system. The method of data collection in the qualitative section of this study was extraction of items from articles and library studies. Opinions of professors were also used to determine the content validity while using books and documents on privatization in education. The data gathering tool in this research was in the small part of the questionnaire and the sampling method was selected for selected cities in a multi-stage cluster. In order to estimate the internal consistency of the items, an introductory performance was performed on 30 individuals. For reliability of the questionnaire, in this section, the coefficient of 0.84 was calculated using Cronbach's alpha. Data were analyzed using SPSS and Emo software. From the exploratory analysis of questionnaires, privatization methods in education, 37 methods were divided into four categories: privatization through external All-outsourcing "," Management and Educational Services, "" Financial Dimensions, "and" Physical-Physical "frameworks. The status of framework fitting indicators was favorable by modeling structural equations.