Journal of Research in Educational Systems

Abstract The purpose of the present study is to investigate the training of self-encouragement based on the Adler's theory of percieved self-efficacy and Psychological well-Being of female high school students. This study method was quasi-experimental design with pretest, posttest, control group and follow-up after 6 months. The population of this study was all high school girl students in Tehran during the academic year 2018-19. The sample consisted of 60 students (30 participants for each group) who were selected by cluster random sampling method, then the experimental group received training self-encouragement for eight 90-minute sessions once a week in group form, meanwhile the control group did not receive any training. The instrument used in this study was Morgan-jinks's percieved self-efficacy scale (1999) and Ryff's Psychological well-Being scale (1989). Data were analyzed using repeated measurements design. The results indicated that self-encouragement training on perceived Self-efficacy (p < 0/01) and Psychological well-Being (p < 0/01) caused to increase their amount. And that this effect in Psychological well-Being remained stable after the follow-up phase. Regarding the effectiveness of this training on increasing the perceived Self-efficacy and Psychological well-Being, this training is evaluated useful for students.

Abstract The purpose of the current study was to determine the effectiveness of the educational package based on mind mapping multimedia software, on the cognitive skills of science lesson of female students of eighth grade. The methodology of research was experimental, with pretest-posttest and control. The population of the study was 8th grade girl students of Kerman schools selected by multistage cluster sampling and randomly divided into two groups (20 people in experimental group and 20 people in control group). In pre-test and post-test, all subjects were evaluated by using a researcher-made test of cognitive skills in the science course, including 60 multiple-choice questions and 10 essay questions. The experimental group received the educational program in 10 sessions. Data were analyzed using covariance analysis. The results of this study show that the students have been trained by educational package based on mind mapping multimedia software, obtained the higher score in total cognitive skills as well as all level of cognitive skills specially in skills such as remember, understand, apply and analysis. Also, according to the results of this study, it is suggested that the mind maps are used as a tool to activate students' previous learning and connecting the concepts of the courses, in order to understand more about education and teaching materials.

Abstract The current research was carried out to evaluate the mediating role of self-esteem in the relationship between social capital and academic hope of elite athlete students. For this purpose, structural equation analysis method was used. The population of research included all elite athlete students, who could win the medal in National Students Sports Olympiads held in Iran during the years 2012 to 2016. Among them, 349 elite athletes were selected using proportional stratified sampling method. To measure the variables, Mobaraki Social Capital Questionnaire (2005), Rosenberg Self-esteem Questionnaire (1965), and Sohrabi and Samani Academic Hope Scale (2011) were used. Findings revealed that among the social capital components, the components of social participation, social support, and social cohesion directly increased the academic hope. Investigating the indirect effects revealed that two components of social support and mutual relations enhanced the academic hope through increasing the self-esteem.  Calculating the fit indices revealed that the research model had good fit with data. Finally, results of research were discussed in light of the research literature and theoretical and applied implications of the results were provided.

Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between control and self-efficacy with academic motivation in students. The statistical population of the study consisted of all students of state-of-the-art undergraduate and graduate high school students who studied in Tehran during the academic year of 93-92. A multistage cluster sampling method was used to select the sample. According to the research plan, 200 people were selected and responded to the scale of academic motivation (Valerand et al., 1989), internalism, powerful people and luck (Levinson, 1981) and generalized self-efficacy questionnaire (Jayge et al., 1998). The results of regression analysis showed that the two variables of control and self-efficacy were able to explain 13% of internal motivation variance, 7% of external stimulation variance and 9% of non-motivational variance. Finally, the findings were discussed based on the importance of academic motivation in students' academic achievement.

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the existing status of technical competencies of student teachers according to UNESCO standards. The method of this research is of descriptive-survey type. The statistical population consisted of students of undergraduate teachers at Tarbiat University, Shahid Rajaee Technical Secretariat. Student research samples were teachers who were graduated in the final semester and were selected by simple random sampling. The final sample size was 65 people according to Klein (2003). The research tools included: a) Student Teacher Technology Competency Questionnaire based on the UNESCO standard; b) Functional Test Questionnaire and Checklist for assessing the status quo. Data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics (Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and single-group t). The results showed that the status quo of the technical qualifications of the student-teacher according to UNESCO standards is in all three components of technology literacy, knowledge deepening and knowledge creation at a moderate to low level. Also, the average of the overall research questionnaire was 2.18. Using t-test, it was in the medium to low range.

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